ECO 1 (Principles of Economics I) 3 s.h. Required

• Fall, Spring, Summer
• Introduction to economic concepts and doctrines, followed by an extended analysis of the impact of the Keynesian revolution on the government's role in the economy, its effects on economic stability, on growth and on social problems such as poverty.
• Prerequisites: Credit given for ECO 1 or 7 or New College SEB 1. ECO 1 is not a prerequisite for ECO 2.

ECO 2 (Principles of Economics II) 3 s.h. Required

• Fall, Spring, Summer
• Examination of the market economy emphasizing oligopoly, income distribution followed by an analysis of special problems arising out of international trade.
• Prerequisites: Credit given for ECO 2 or New College SEB 1, not both. ECO 1 is not a prerequisite for ECO 2.

ECO 7 (Explorations of Current Economic Issues) 3 s.h. Distribution (BH)

• Periodically
• Introduces key concepts of economics through detailed exploration of topics at the center of economic and political debate: economic growth and income distribution; proper role of government in our "mixed" economy; globalization of economic activity; strategic role of financial institutions and markets in the new world economy.
• Prerequisites: Credit for this course or ECO 1, or New College SEB 1.

ECO 10 (Economics, Environment and Community) 3 s.h. Distribution (BH)

• Periodically
• Examination of the issues of natural resource limits, the ongoing quest and needs for economic growth, threats to environmental sustainability from over-exploitation of resources and environmental pollution, and a variety of economic and social policies designed to mitigate adverse human impacts on resource and environmental systems.
• Prerequisites: none.
• May not be taken as one of the four elective courses in Economics required for majoring in Economics or Business Economics.

ECO 14F (First-Year Seminar - Fall) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• This course gives first-year students the opportunity to work in a seminar format with a member of the faculty in an area of the faculty member's research interests.
• Prerequisites: The course is open to first-year students only. Topics vary by semester. This course is offered for distribution credit; consult the semester Class Schedule for proper category listing. Students may take only one 14F or 12F seminar and only one 14S or 12S seminar.

ECO 14S (First-Year Seminar - Spring) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• This course gives first-year students the opportunity to work in a seminar format with a member of the faculty in an area of the faculty member's research interests.
• Prerequisites: The course is open to first-year students only. Topics vary by semester. This course is offered for distribution credit; consult the semester Class Schedule for proper category listing. Students may take only one 14F or 12F seminar and only one 14S or 12S seminar.

ECO 100 (Honors Essay) 3 s.h. Elective

• Fall, Spring
• Research for and writing of a substantial essay in the field of economics.
• Open only to senior economics majors who are eligible for and desire to graduate with departmental honors and who secure, before registration, written permission of the instructor who will supervise the essay.

ECO 101 (Introduction to Economics) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• This course is an intensive and combined study of undergraduate micro and macroeconomics. It assumes no prior knowledge of economics and starts with an introduction of basic economic concepts. The first part of the course focuses on the way in which prices and distribution are determined in a free market economy. Short- and long-run costs of firms, pricing, in competitive, monopolistic, and oligopolistic markets are among the issues discussed. The second part of the course then turns to the economy as a whole, focusing on the Keynesian revolution and the role of government in a free market economy. Banking system, central banking, money creation are among the issues discussed in this part along with economic growth and problems of international trade.
• Prerequisites: none.

ECO 110 (Economics of Latin America) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• Examination of historical roots of present-day economies in Central and South America. Relationship between the structure of land holding and economic development. Causes of high rates of inflation. Role of Spain, Portugal, and the Catholic Church in the development of the environment for growth or the lack thereof.
• Prerequisites: one introductory course in economics.

ECO 111 (Economic Development in Sub-Saharan Africa) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• Development theories, practices and results evident in the region's primary industries such as agriculture, pastoral farming, mining and manufacturing from the colonial period to the present. Precolonial socioeconomic formations in each country within the region are examined as background to transformations fostered by colonialism.
• Prerequisites: one introductory course in Economics.

ECO 112 (Economic Development of China) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• Analysis of several industrialization strategies adopted by the Chinese after 1949 and shifts in ideology and social policy that have accompanied them. Some 19th- and early 20th-century economic history helps to understand present problems.
• Prerequisites: one introductory course in Economics.

ECO 114 (Japan's Modern Economy) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• Historical background of the late 19th century to World War II. Structural characteristics of contemporary economy; industrial organization, banking and finance, labor market. Role of government and macroeconomic policies. Economic, social and cultural factors in growth. Japan and the world economy.
• Prerequisites: one introductory course in economics.

ECO 115 (Economy of Western Europe) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• Post-World War II economic growth and policy in Western Europe; economic integration and the European Economic Community; policy, problems, debates. Specific countries studied: France, Britain, West Germany, Italy.
• Prerequisites: one introductory course in Economics.

ECO 116 (Economics of the Middle East) 3 s.h. Distribution (BH)

• Periodically
• Contemporary economy of the Middle East in its sociopolitical and historical contexts. Focus is on the post-World War II period: population, industrialization, oil, economic implications of militarization, growing religious fervor, revolution and rising instability.
• Prerequisites: one introductory course in Economics.

ECO 117 (Women and Development in the Middle East) 3 s.h. Distribution (CC, BH)

• Periodically
• Examination of the impact of economic development on gender in contemporary Middle Eastern countries. Factors such as social division of labor in the family, fertility, education, employment, occupational segregation, and discrimination are studied within the broader socioeconomic and cultural context of the Middle East.
• Prerequisites: at least two semesters of Social Sciences and/or Women' Studies, or instructor's approval.

ECO 118 (Political Economy of Turkey) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• This is an interdisciplinary course focusing on the nation of Turkey, and exploring the conflicts in Turkish society between modern and traditional, secular and religious, and rich and poor. Particular attention is paid to the young and dynamic nature of the country, and classes cover a broad range of topics examining Turkey's history and its modern political structure. Among the topics to be studied are: the attempts over the past 200 years to modernize Turkey, the social and political conflicts these attempts have generated, the domestic and international political difficulties the country is faced with, and the nature of its recent economic problems. Required readings are drawn from a variety of sources and disciplines in the social sciences.
• Prerequisites: Same as PSC 118..

ECO 120 (African Labor Economics) 3 s.h. Distribution (CC, BH)

• Periodically
• Work, working people and working class movements in modern Africa are the focus of this introductory course. Through contemporary and historical cross-country studies of workers in a wide variety of economic, political and institutional settings, we will evaluate rival perspectives on a host of interesting and controversial topics. These include changing occupational and industrial formations, gender and racial/ethnic gaps in jobs and income, poverty and inequality, immigration, urban informal employment, worker training and health care, labor unions, government's regulatory and job creation roles. This is a distribution course in both the behavioral social sciences and the cross-cultural categories.
• Prerequisites: One introductory Economics course, or LABR 1 or instructor's permission. Credit given either for ECO 120, LABR 120 or AFST 120.

ECO 121 (Economics of Discrimination) 3 s.h. Distribution (BH)

• Periodically
• An inquiry into the distribution of income and wealth, with an emphasis on opportunities and returns of minority groups, the economics of discriminatory practices, alternatives in providing greater equity and welfare to victims of discrimination.
• Prerequisites: one introductory course in economics.

ECO 125 (Monetary Economics) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• Forms and functions of money; theories of money demand and supply; the relation between monetary aggregates, credit conditions and economic activity in the different models; the role of central banking; domestic and international aspects of monetary policy.
• Prerequisites: ECO 1, 2.

ECO 130 (Intermediate Microeconomics) 3 s.h. Required

• Fall, Spring
• Microeconomic theory; factors determining production, consumption and exchange. Theory illustrated with case materials.
• Prerequisites: ECO 1, 2, and MATH 10 or 10E.

ECO 131 (Government and Business) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• Public policy toward business, government powers and private rights, the structure of industrial markets, regulation of competition and monopoly, economic aspects of the antitrust laws.
• Prerequisites: ECO 2.

ECO 132 (Intermediate Macroeconomics) 3 s.h. Required

• Fall, Spring
• Theory; GNP and its limitations; components of aggregate demand; monetary and fiscal policy; analysis of inflation, unemployment and growth.
• Prerequisites: ECO 1, 2, MATH 9 (corequisite).

ECO 133 (Health Economics) 3 s.h. Distribution (BH)

• Periodically
• Health Economics provides a broad overview of the economics of health care delivery and finance systems, and explores the growing role of economic theory in health-related research and in national health care debate. Basic tools used to analyze the allocation of scarce health care resources are introduced. Health Economics explores the explicit and implicit rationing of health care through market and nonmarket mechanisms in a rapidly changing health care environment. Alternative health care systems are compared and contrasted with the existing system.
• Prerequisites: one introductory course in Economics.

ECO 136 (Public Finance and Fiscal Policy) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• Expenditures and revenues of federal, state, and local governments; analysis of effects upon private enterprise and public welfare; fiscal policy in relation to equity, stability, growth and defense.
• Prerequisites: one introductory course in Economics.

ECO 137 (Transnational Enterprise in the World Economy) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• Origins, organization, magnitude and scope of private and state-owned TNE's. Neoclassical, managerial and radical theories of the transnational firm. Evolution of the market and nonmarket, including political, behavior of TNE's and their socioeconomic impact on both advanced capitalist and socialist economics, and the underdeveloped nations of the Third World. Case studies from agrobusiness, minerals and fuels, manufacturing and financial sectors. Public policy.
• Prerequisites: one introductory course in Economics.

ECO 139 (Economic History of Europe) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• The changing economic framework of European institutions and cultures studied in selected pivotal periods such as the 11th-12th, 14th-15th and 17th-19th centuries.
• Prerequisites: One introductory course in Economics or HIST 11,12. Same as HIST 139.

ECO 140 (Economic History of the United States) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• Trends and patterns in the production, distribution and consumption of material wealth that mark the economic development of the United States from colonial times to the 20th century. These matters are subjected to economic analysis, but are also seen in relation to changing social and political institutions and moral values.
• Prerequisites: One introductory course in economics or HIST 13, 14C. Same as HIST 140.

ECO 141C (Labor Economics) 3 s.h. Distribution (BH)

• Periodically
• The centrality of work in most people's lives has made labor issues like job growth, unemployment, skills training, pay and benefits, occupational safety, workforce diversity and inequality, immigration, trade unions, labor-management relations, and government employment and labor market programs subjects of great importance and debate around the world. This course introduces students to the main theoretical perspectives and empirical tools used by economists to explain and analyze the multifaceted interactions of workers, employers, labor unions, regulatory agencies, and other institutions. Through both historical and current cross-country studies, the course develops a a comparative global framework for analyzing earnings and employment problems and policies.
• Prerequisites: ECO 1 or 2 or LABR 1, or instructor's permission. Same as LABR 141C. Credit given for this course or LABR 141C, but not both. Not open to students who have taken ECO 141.

ECO 142 (International Economics) 3 s.h. Elective

• Fall, Spring
• Examination of international trade theory: mercantilism, comparative advantage, protection, balance of payments, adjustments and the transfer problem. Selected historical and current issues including imperialism, multinational corporations, the U.S. balance of payments, and the role of trade, foreign aid and investment in developing poor countries.
• Prerequisites: one introductory course in Economics.

ECO 143 (Economic Development) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• Problems of the developing economies of the world, theories of development, requirements for and obstacles to economic development, policies to promote economic redevelopment.
• Prerequisites: one introductory course in Economics

ECO 144 (History of Economic Thought) 3 s.h. Required

• Fall
• Economic thought and policy in modern times and their relation to social, political, and economic institutions and problems.
• Prerequisites: junior class standing or above, ECO 1, 2.

ECO 145 (Comparative Economic Systems) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• Theory and history of markets and alternatives to markets as allocators of resources. Successes and failures of centralized economic planning (U.S.S.R., Maoist China, Cuba), reform of centrally planned economies (Russia, post-Maoist China, Eastern Europe), determination of the appropriate mix of regulation and marketization (U.S.A., Western Europe, Japan). Techniques of planning.
• Prerequisite: none.

ECO 150 (Modern Economic Theory) 3 s.h. Required

• Spring
• Recent developments in economic theory including selected contributions of neoclassical, welfare, institutional, and aggregative theorists.
• Prerequisite: ECO 130, 144, or instructor's permission.

ECO 151A, 152A (Readings in Economics) 1-3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• Intensive reading, oral and written work in one area.
• Open only to students interested in advanced work in economics who have received agreement of a faculty member who will serve as supervisor.
• Prerequisite: ECO 1, 2 and permission of chairperson. Open only to students interested in advanced work in economics who have received agreement of a faculty member who will serve as supervisor. May be repeated twice for credit when topics vary.

ECO 165 (Urban and Regional Economics) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• Explores the nature of cities and regions, the location of corporate (manufacturing, commercial, financial) activities, housing, transportation, recreational facilities within and across regions; influence of government tax, subsidy, investment, regulatory policies; emphasis on the United States.
• Prerequisite: ECO 2; geography majors and minors may substitute GEOG 103 or GEOG 135 for ECO 2. May be used towards the 27 semester hours in Geography required for Geography majors.

ECO 169 (Industrial Economics) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• An introduction to the economic analysis of the evolution of industries, this course focuses on the origins of specific sectors and the factors influencing their evolution. A review of historical evidence motivates the development of theoretical models concentrating on various aspects of market competition, business strategy and strucure, and innovation.
• Prerequisites: ECO 2.

ECO 171 (Law and Economics) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• An exploration of the applications of economic analysis to legal issues: analysis of major cases in selected areas of the law encompassing economic rights, including but not limited to, property, contract, environmental and antitrust law.
• Prerequisites: ECO 2.

ECO 172 (Seminar: Economic Theory) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• The contents of this seminar will be selected by the instructor and announced beforehand by means of a detailed syllabus. Readings and written work will be integrated with designated themes geared toward exploring new developments in and applications of economic theory.
• Prerequisites: ECO 1, 2.

ECO 180 (Introduction to Mathematical Economics) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• A systematic exposition of matrix algebra, differential and integral calculus, and some of their applications to economic analysis, particularly the study of equilibria and comparative statistics.
• Prerequisites: MATH 71 or ECO 130.

ECO 182 (Introduction to Econometrics) 3 s.h. Elective

• Periodically
• Fundamental concepts and methods of the branch of economics designed to give empirical content to economic reasoning: historical development of a distinctive econometric approach and the theoretical underpinnings of principal methodologies; construction of economic models embodying hypothesized relationships between key variables and the use of simple and multivariate regression techniques to both describe factual relationships and to test rival economic theories about the strength and direction of such relationships; and applied econometric analysis of a wide array of topics such as investment, inflation, income and employment differentials.
• Prerequisites: ECO 184 or MATH 117, 118.

ECO 184 (Introductory Research and Report Writing) 3 s.h. Distribution (BH)

• Once a year
• Interdisciplinary course in practical methods of empirical analysis of a wide variety of social science issues. Basic techniques of data collection and verification, descriptive presentations in tables and graphs. Introduction to government, business, economic and social science computerized data banks and the use of the most popular spreadsheet and statistical software for desktop computers to organize data, present them graphically and to test hypotheses. Emphasis on applications to a range of sociological, political, and economic questions, culminating in a term paper based on independent empirical research of one such question.
• Prerequisites: QM 1 or BI0 100 or MATH 8 or PSY 140 or SOC 180. Open to all Social Science and B.B.A. students. Should be taken by Economics majors at the same time as ECO 1, 2 or as soon as possible thereafter.