Quay, P. D.; and others, 03 Apr 1992, Oceanic uptake of fossil fuel CO2: carbon 13 evidence: Science, v. 256, p. 74-79.

Quinlan, G. M.; and Beaumont, Christopher, 1984, Appalachian thrusting, lithospheric flexure, and the Paleozoic stratigraphy of the Eastern Interior of North America: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 21, no. 9, p. 973-996.

Quinn, A. W., 1933, Normal faults of the Lake Champlain region: Journal of Geology, v. 41, p. 113-143.

Quinn, A. W., 1971, Bedrock geology of Rhode Island: United States Geological Survey Bulletin 1295, 69 p.

--------------------------------R--------------------------------

Rabinowitz, P. D., Baldauf, J. G., Garrison, L. E., and Meyer, A. W., 1992, Ocean drilling on passive continental margins, p. 399-414 in Watkins, J. S.; Feng, Zhiqiang; and McMillen, K. J., eds., Geology and geophysics of continental margins: Tulsa, OK, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 53, 419 p.

Rachlin, J. W., and Tauber, Gilbert, eds., 1980, Hudson River ecology symposium, 5th, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York, 24-25 April: New York, Hudson River Environmental Society, 107 p.

Radtke, A. S.; Heropoulos, C.; Fabbi, B. P.; Scheiner, B. J.; and Essington, M., 1972, Data on major and minor elements in host rocks and ores, Carlin gold deposit, Nevada: Economic Geology, v. 67, no. 7, p. 975-978.

Radomski, A., 1960, Remarks on sedimentation of shales in flysch deposits: Acad. Polon. Sci. Bull., Sér. Sci., Géol Géograph, v. 8, no. 2, p. 123-129.

Radtke, A. S., 1985, Geology of the Carlin gold deposit, Nevada: U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1267, 124 p.

Ragland, P. C.; Cummins, Laura E.; and Arthur, J. D., 1992,, Compositional patterns for early Mesozoic diabases from South Carolina to central Virginia, p. 309-331 in Puffer, J. H., and Ragland, P. C., eds., Eastern North American Mesozoic magmatism: Boulder, CO, Geological Society of America Special Paper No. 268, 406 p.

Raguin, E., 1965, Geology of granite: New York, Wiley-Interscience, 314 p.

Raisbeck, G.; Yiou, F.; Jouzel, J.; and Petit, J. R., 1990, 10Be and _2H in polar ice cores as a probe of the solar variability's influence on climate, p. 463-470 in Pecker, J. C.; and Runcorn, S. K., eds., The Earth's climate and variability of the Sun over recent millennia: Geophysical, astronomical, and archaeological aspects: Royal Society of London Philosophical Transactions, series A, v. 330, p. 399-687.

Raisz, E. J., 1930, Physiographic diagram of the New York region: Maplewood, NJ, The Geographic Press, Hammond Map Co.

Ramming, H.-G., 1976, A nested North Sea model with fine resolution in shallow coastal areas: Société Royale des Sciences de Liege Memoires, 6e serie, v. 10, p. 9-26.

Ramming, H.-G., 1978, Numerical investigations of the influence of coastal structures upon the dynamic off-shore process by application of a nested tidal model, p. 315-348 in Nihoul, J. C. J., ed., Hydrodynamics of estuaries and fjords: Liege International Colloquium on Ocean Hydrodynamics, 9th, 1977, Proceedings: Amsterdam-Oxford-New York, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, 546 p.

Rampino, M. R., 1978 ms., Quaternary history of south-central Long Island, New York: New York, NY, Columbia University Department of Geological Sciences Ph. D. Dissertation, 742 p.

Rampino, M. R., 1979, Holocene submergence of southern Long Island, New York: Nature, v. 280, p. 132-134.

Rampino, M. R., and Sanders, J. E., 1976, New stratigraphic evidence for major mid-Wisconsinan climatic oscillation and sea-level rise: "Interstadial" or "Interglacial"? (abstract): Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 8, p. 1059-1060.

Rampino, M. R., and Sanders, J. E., 1980, Holocene transgression in south-central Long Island, New York: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 50, no. 4, p. 1063-1080.

Rampino, M. R., and Sanders, J. E., 1981a, Evolution of the barrier islands of southern Long Island, New York: Sedimentology, v. 28, no. 1, p. 37-47.

Rampino, M. R., and Sanders, J. E., 1981b, Upper Quaternary stratigraphy of southern Long Island, New York: Northeastern Geology, v. 3, no. 2, p. 116-128.

Rampino, M. R., and Sanders, J. E., 1981c, Episodic growth of Holocene tidal marshes in the northeastern United States: a possible indicator of eustatic sea-level fluctuations: Geology, v. 9, no. 2, p. 63-67.

Rampino, M. R., and Sanders, J. E., 1982, Holocene transgression in south-central Long Island, New York--reply: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 52, no. 4, p. 1020-1025.

Rampino, M. R., and Sanders, J. E., 1983, Barrier island evolution in response to sea-level rise--reply: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 53, no. 4, p. 1031-1033.

Ramsay, A. C., 1859, On some of the glacial phaenomena of Canada and the northeastern provinces of the United States during the Drift Period: Geological Society of London Quarterly Journal, v. 15, p. 200-215.

Ramsey, K. W., and Groot, J. J., 1993, Quaternary evolution of the coastal plain of Delaware (abstract): Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 25, no. 6, p. A-334 (only).

Rankey, E. C., and Walker, K. R., 1993, Milankovich-induced stratigraphic forcing may not be discernable from the stratigraphic record: "cyclic" facies of the Maryville Limestone (M. Cambrian), southern Appalachians (abstract): Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 25, no. 6, p. A-337 (only).

Rankin, D. W., 1969, Late Precambrian glaciation in the Blue Ridge province of the southern Appalachians (abstract): Geological Society of America Special Papers 121, p. 246 (only)

Rankin, D. W., 1975, The continental margin of eastern North America in the southern Appalachians: the opening and closing of the proto-Atlantic Ocean: American Journal of Science, v. 275-A, p. 298-336.

Rankin, D. W., 1976, Appalachian salients and recesses: Late Precambrian continental breakup and the opening of the Iapetus Ocean: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 81, no. 32, p. 5605-5619.

Rankin, D. W., 1994, Contintal margin of the eastern United States: Past and present, p. 129-218 in Speed, R. C., ed., Phanerozoic evolution of North American continental-ocean transitions: Boulder, CO, Geological Society of America DNAG Continent-Ocean Transect Volume, xxx p.

Ransome, F. L., 1898, Some lava flows of the western slope of the Sierra Nevada, California: United States Geological Survey Bulletin, v. 89, 71 p.

Ransome, F. L., 1909, The geology and ore deposits of Goldfield, Nevada: U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 66, 258 p.

Rappe, C.; Bergqvist, P.; Kjeller, L.-O.; Belton, T. J.; Ruppel, B. E.; Lockwood, K.; and Kahn, P. C., 1991, Levels and patterns of PCDD and PCDF contamination in fish, crabs, and lobsters from Newark Bay and the New York Bight: Chemosphere, v. 22, p. 239.

Rashid, M. A., and McAlary, J. D., 1977, Early maturation of organic matter and genesis of hydrocarbons as results of heat from a shallow piercement salt dome: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 8, p. 549-569.

Rast, Nicholas; and Horton, J. W., Jr., 1989, Mélanges and olistostromes in the Appalachians of the United States and mainland Canada; an assessment, p. 1-15 in Horton, J. W., Jr.; and Rast, Nicholas, eds., Mélanges and olistostromes of the U. S. Appalachians: Boulder, CO, Geological Society of America Special Paper 228, 276 p.

Rast, Nicholas; and Skehan, J. W., 1993, Mid-Paleozoic orogenesis in the North Atlantic: The Acadian origeny, p. 1-25 in Roy, D. C., and Skehan, J. W., eds., 1993, The Acadian Orogeny: Recent studies in New England, Maritime Canada, and the autochthonous foreland: Boulder, CO, Geological Society of America Special Paper 275, 171 p.

Rastall, R. H., 1945, The granite problem: Geological Magazine, v. 82, p. 19-30.

Ratcliffe, N. M., 1965 ms., Bedrock geology of the Great Barrington area, Massachusetts: University Park, PA, Pennsylvania State University Department of Geology Ph. D. Dissertation, 213 p.

Ratcliffe, N. M., 1968a, Trip H: Stratigraphic and structural relations along the western border of the Cortlandt intrusives, p. 197-220 in Finks, R. M., ed., New York State Geological Association Annual Meeting, 40th, Flushing, New York, Queens College, Guidebook to field excursions: Flushing, NY, Queens College of the City University of New York Departmetn of Geology, 253 p.

Ratcliffe, N. M., 1968b, Contact relation of the Cortlandt complex at Stony Point, New York, and their regional implications: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 79, p. 777-786.

Ratcliffe, N. M., 1969, Stratigraphy and depositional history of rocks of the Taconic Range near Great Barrington, Massachusetts, p. 2-1 to 2-23 in Bird, J. M., ed., Guidebook for field trips in New York, Massachusetts and Vermont: New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference Annual Meeting, 61st, Albany, New York, State University of New York at Albany, 10-12 October 1969: Albany, NY, State University of New York at Albany, not consecutively paginated.

Ratcliffe, N. M., 1970, Ancient strike-slip fault tectonics in the Hudson Highlands and Manhattan Prong: New York Academy of Sciences Transactions, series II, v. 32, p. 1009-1021.

Ratcliffe, N. M., 1971, The Ramapo fault system in New York and adjacent northern New Jersey: a case of tectonic heredity: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 82, no. 1, p. 125-142.

Ratcliffe, N. M., 1974a, Bedrock geologic map of the State Line quadrangle, New York-Massachusetts: U. S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map GQ-1143 (scale 1/24,000).

Ratcliffe, N. M., 1974b, Bedrock geologic map of the Stockbridge quadrangle, Massachusetts: U. S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map GQ-1142 (scale 1/24,000).

Ratcliffe, N. M., 1974c, Bedrock geologic map of the Great Barrington quadrangle, Massachusetts: U. S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map GQ-1141 (scale 1/24,000).

Ratcliffe, N. M., ed., 1975, Guidebook for field trips in western Massachusetts, northern Connecticut and adjacent areas of New York: New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference Annual Meeting, 67th, Great Barrington, Massachusetts, 10-12 October 1975: New York, NY, City College of New York of CUNY Department of Earth and Planetary Science, 334 p.

Ratcliffe, N. M., 1978, Probable Taconic age for the Middlefield thrust zone, eastern margin of the Berkshire Massif, Massachusetts: on the basis of Rb/Sr geochronology of intrusive granitic rock (abstract): Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 2, p. 81 (only).

Ratcliffe, N. M., 1979, Field guide to the Chatham and Greylock slices of the Taconic allochthon in western Massachusetts and their relationship to the Hoosac-Rowe sequence, p. 388-425 in Friedman, G. M., ed., Guidebook for field trips: New York State Geological Association Annual Meeting, 51st, and New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference Annual Meeting, 71st, Troy, New York, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and New York State Geological Survey: Troy, NY, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Department of Geology; and Albany, NY, New York State Geological Survey, 457 p.

Ratcliffe, N. M., 1980, Brittle faults (Ramapo fault) and phyllonitic ductile shear zones in the basement rocks of the Ramapo seismic zones New York and New Jersey, and their relationship to current seismicity, p. 278-311 in Manspeizer, Warren, ed., Field studies of New Jersey geology and guide to field trips: New York State Geological Association Annual Meeting, 52nd, Newark, New Jersey Rutgers University Newark College of Arts and Sciences: Newark, NJ, Rutgers University Newark College of Arts and Sciences Geology Department, 398 p.

Ratcliffe, N. M., 1981, Cortlandt-Beemerville magmatic belt: a probable late Taconian alkalic cross trend in the central Appalachians: Geology, v. 9, no. 7, p. 329-335.

Ratcliffe, N. M., 1982, Results of core drilling of the Ramapo fault at Sky Meadow Road, Rockland County, New York, and assessment of evidence for reactivation to produce current seismicity: United States Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series I-1401 (1 sheet, map).

Ratcliffe, N. M., 1984, Brittle-ductile transition zone in a Barrovian gradient: Implications for tectonic emplacement of isograds (abstract): Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 16, p. 57 (only).

Ratcliffe, N. M., 1987, Basaltic rocks in the Rensselaer Plateau and Chatham slices of the Taconic allochthon: chemistry and tectonic setting: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 99, no. 4, p. 511-528.

Ratcliffe, N. M., 1988, Reinterpretation of the relationship of the western extension of the Palisade sill to the lava flows at Ladentown, New York, based on new core data, p. 113-135 in Froelich, A. J., and Robinson, G. R., Jr., eds., 1988, Studies of the early Mesozoic basins of the eastern United States: United States Geological Survey Bulletin 1776, 423 p.

Ratcliffe, N. M., 1992, Bedrock geology and seismotectonics of the Oscawana Lake Quadrangle, New York: U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1941, 38 p., colored geologic map on scale of 1:24,000.

Ratcliffe, N. M., Armstrong, R. L., Chai, H. T., and Senechal, R. G., 1972, K-Ar and Rb-Sr geochronology of the Canopus pluton, Hudson Highlands, New York: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 83, no. 2, p. 523-530.

Ratcliffe, N. M.; Armstrong, R. L.; Mose, D. G.; Senechal, R. G., Williams, R.; and Baramonte, M. J., 1982, Emplacement history and tectonic significance of the Cortlandt Complex and related plutons, and dike swarms in the Taconide zone of southeastern New York based on K-Ar and Rb-Sr investigations: American Journal of Science, v. 282, p. 358-390.

Ratcliffe, N. M.; and Bahrami, Beshid, 1976, Chatham fault: a reinterpretation of the contact relationships between the Giddings Brook and Chatham slices of the Taconic allochthon in New York: Geology, v. 4, no. 1, p. 56-60.

Ratcliffe, N. M., Bender, J. F., and Tracy, R. J., 1983, Tectonic setting, chemical petrology and petrogenesis of the Cortlandt Complex and related igneous rocks of southeastern New York State: Geological Society of America Northeastern Section Meeting, 23-26 March 1983, Concord Hotel, Kiamesha Lake, NY, Guidebook for Field Trip 1, 101 p.

Ratcliffe, N. M.; Bird, J. M.; and Bahrami, Beshid, 1975, Structural and stratigraphic chronology of the Taconide and Acadian polydeformational belt of the central Taconics of New York State and Massachusetts, Trip A-3, p. 55-86 in Ratcliffe, N. M., ed., Guidebook for field trips in western Massachusetts, northern Connecticut and adjacent areas of New York: New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference Annual Meeting, 67th, Great Barrington, Massachusetts, 10-12 October 1975: New York, NY, City College of New York of CUNY Department of Earth and Planetary Science, 334 p.

Ratcliffe, N. M., and Burger, H. R., 1975, Preliminary bedrock geologic map of the Ashley Falls Quadrangle, Massachusetts and Connecticut: U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 75-148.

Ratcliffe, N. M., and Burton, W. C., 1985, Fault reactivation models for origin of the Newark basin and studies related to eastern U. S. seismicity, p. 36-45 in Robinson, G. R., and Froelich, A. J., eds., United States Geological Survey workshop on the Early Mesozoic basins of the eastern United States, Second Proceedings, United States Geological Survey Circular 946, 147 p.

Ratcliffe, N. M., and Burton, W. C., 1988, Structural analysis of the Furlong fault and the relation of mineralization to faulting and diabase intrusion, Newark basin, Pennsylvania, p. 176-193 in Froelich, A.J., and Robinson, G. R., Jr., eds., 1988, Studies of the early Mesozoic basins of the eastern United States: United States Geological Survey Bulletin 1776, 423 p.

Ratcliffe, N. M., and Burton, W. C., 1990, Bedrock geologic map of the Poughquag quadrangle, New York: United States Geological Survey Quadrangle Map GQ-1662, scale 1:24,000.

Ratcliffe, N. M., Burton, W. C., D'Angelo, R. N., and Costain, J. K., 1986, Low-angle extensional faulting, reactivated mylonites, and seismic reflection geometry of the Newark basin margin in eastern Pennsylvania: Geology, v. 14, p. 766-770.

Ratcliffe, N. M., and Harwood, D. S., 1975, Blastomylonites associated with recumbent folds and overthrusts at the western edge of the Berkshire Massif, Connecticut and Massachusetts--A preliminary report: United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 888, p. 1-19.

Ratcliffe, N. M., and Knowles, R. R., 1969, Stratigraphic relations along the western edge of the Cortlandt intrusives and their bearing on the Inwood-Manhattan problem, p. 49-54 in Alexandrov, E. A., ed., 1969, Symposium on the New York City Group of Formations: New York State Geological Association Annual Meeting, 40th, Flushing, New York: Flushing, NY, Queens College Department of Geology Geological Bulletin 3, Queens College Press, 83 p.

Ratcliffe, N. M., Potter, D. B., and Stanley, R. S., 1993, Bedrock geologic map of the Williamstown, Massachusetts and Vermont quadrangle and portions of the adjacent Mount Adams, Massachusetts and Vermont and Cheshire, Massachusetts quadrangles: U. S. Geological Survey MIscellaneous Investigations Map MI 2369, scale 1:24,000.

Ratté, J. C., and Steven, T. A., 1967, Ash-flows and related volcanic rocks associated with the Creede Caldera, San Juan Mountains, Colorado: U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 524-H, 58 p.

Rattray, Maurice, Jr., 1960, On the coastal generation of internal tides: Tellus, v. 12, p. 54-62.

Rattray, Maurice, Jr., 1962, A similarity solution for circulation in an estuary: Journal of Marine Research, v. 20, p. 121-133.

Rattray, Maurice, Jr., 1977, Fjord and salt-wedge circulation, p. 36-45 in Officer, C. B., chm., Estuaries, geophysics, and the environment: Washington, D. C., U. S. National Academy of Sciences National Research Council Studies in Geophysics, 127 p.

Ray, S.; and Gault, H. R., 1961, Mineralogy of Jacksonburg (Middle Ordovician) formation in eastern Pennsylvania and western New Jersey: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 45, p. 39-50.

Raymo, M. E., and Ruddiman, W. F., 1992, Tectonic forcing of late Cenozoic climate: Nature, v. 359, p. 117-122.

Raymond, D. E., and Osborne, W. E., 1991, Stratigraphy and exploration of the Knox Group in the Appalachian fold and thrust belt and Black Warrior basin of Alabama, p. 162-179 in Johnson, K. S., ed., Arbuckle Group core workshop and field trip: Norman, OK, Oklahoma Geological Survey Special Publication 91-3, 266 p.

Raymond, L. A., 1975, Tectonite and mélange--a distinction: Geology, v. 3, p. 7-9.

Raymond, L. A., 1978, A classification of mélanges and broken formations (abstract): Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 10, p. 143 (only).

Raymond, L. A., 1984, Classification of mélanges, p. 7-20 in Raymond, L. A., ed., Mélanges: their nature, origin, and significance: Boulder, CO, Geological Society of America Special Papers 198, 170 p.

Raymond, P. E., 1902, The Crown Point Section: Bulletin of American Paleontology, no. 14, 44 p.

Raymond, P. E., 1906, The Chazy formation and its fauna: Carnegie Museum Annals, no. 3, p. 498-509.

Raymond, P. E., 1924, The oldest coral reef: Vermont State Geologist Report, 14th, p. 72-76.

Raymond, P. E., 1927a, The significance of red color in sediments: American Journal of Science, 5th series, v. 13, p. 234-251.

Raymond, P. E., 1927b, The significance of red color in sediments: discussion and communications: American Journal of Science, 5th series, v. 14, p. 157-158.

Raynaud, D.; and Barnola, J. M., 1985, An Antarctic ice core reveals atmospheric CO2 variation over the past few centuries: Nature, v. 315, p.309-311.

Read, J. F., 1982, Carbonate platforms of passive (extensional) continental margins: types, characteristics and evolution: Tectonophysics, v. 81, p. 195-212.

Read, J. F., 1989, Evolution of Cambro-Ordovician passive margin, U. S. Appalachians, p. 42-57 in Hatcher, R. D., Jr.; Thomas, W. A.; and Viele, G. W., eds., The geology of North America, v. F-2, The Appalachian-Ouachita orogen in the United States: Boulder, CO, Geological Society of America, 767 p.

Read, J. F.; Kerans, Charles; Weber, L. J.; Sarg, J. F.; and Wright, F. M., 1995, Milankovitch sea-level changes, cycles, and reservoirs on carbonate platforms in greenhouse and ice-house worlds: Tulsa, OK, SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology) SEPM Short Course No. 35, 81 p.

Read, J. F.; Koerschner, W. F., III; Osleger, D. A.; Bollinger, G. A.; and Coruh, C., 1991 Field and modelling studies of Cambrian carbonate cycles, Virginia Appalachians--reply: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 61, p. 647-652.

Read, H. H., 1954, Granitization and mineral deposits: Geologie en Mijnbouw, no. 4, p. 95-99.

Read, H. H., 1957, The granite controversy: London, UK, Thomas Murby and Company, 430 p.

Reading, H. G., 1980, Characteristics and recognition of strike-slip fault systems, p. 7-26 in Ballance, P. F., and Reading, H. G., eds., Sedimentation in oblique-slip mobile zones: International Association of Sedimentologists Special Publication No. 4, xxx p.

Reading, H. G., 1991, The classification of deep-sea depositional systems by sediment calibre and feeder system: Geological Society of London Journal, v. 148, p. 427-430.

Reading, H. G.; and Richards, Marcus, 1994, Turbidite systems in deep-water basin margins classified by grain size and feeder system: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 78, no. 5, p. 792-822.

Redfield, A. C., 1950, The analysis of tidal phenomena in narrow embayments: Cambridge, MA, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Papers in Physical Oceanography and Meteorology, v. 9, no. 4

Redfield, A. C., 1958, The influence of the continental shelf on the tides of the Atlantic coast of the United States: Journal of Marine Research, v. 17, p. 432-438.

Redfield, A. C., 1962, A practial portable tide gauge: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 7, no. 2, p. 262-265.

Redfield, A. C., and Miller, A. R., 1956, Water levels accompanying Atlantic coast hurricanes: American Meteorological Society (Boston) Meteorological Monographs, v. 2, no. 10, p. 1-23.

Redfield, W. C., 1843a, Notice of newly discovered fish beds and a fossil foot mark in the Red Sandstone formation of New Jersey: American Journal of Science, 1st series, v. 43, p. 134-136.

Redfield, W. C., 1843b, [Exogyra costata found in drift, in well, Brooklyn Heights]: American Journal of Science, 1st series, v. 45, p. 156 (only).

Redfield, W. C., 1847, On the remains of marine shells of existing species found interspersed in deep portions of the hills of drift and boulders in the heights of Brooklyn, on Long Island, near New York City: American Journal of Agriculture, p. 213-214.

Redfield, W. C., 1848, On the remains of marine shells of existing species found interspersed in deep portions of the hills of drift and boulders in the heights of Brooklyn, on Long Island, near New York City: American Journal of Science, 2nd series, v. 5, p. 110-111.

Redfield, W. C., 1851, On the post-Permian date of the red sandstone rocks of New Jersey and the Connecticut Valley, as shown by their fossil remains: American Association for the Advancement of Science Proceedings, v. 5, p. 45-46.

Redfield, W. C., 1854, Boston Society of Natural History Proceedings, v. 4, p. 180-181. (More shells found in Brooklyn; the drift period was "protracted.")

Redfield, W. C., 1856, On the relations of the fossil fishes of the sandstone of Connecticut and other Atlantic states to the Liassic and Oolitic periods: American Journal of Science, 2nd series, v. 22, p. 357-363.

Redfield, W. C., 1857, On the relations of the fossil fishes of the sandstone of Connecticut and other Atlantic states, to the Liassic and Jurassic periods: American Association for the Advancement of Science Proceedings, v. 10, part. 2, p. 180-188.

Reed, Bruce; Galvin, C. J., Jr.; and Miller, J. P., 1962, Some aspects of drumlin geometry: American Journal of Science, v. 260, no. 3, p. 200-210.

Reed, J., 1964, Mylonites, cataclastites, and associated rocks along the Alpine Fault, South Island, New Zealand: New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, v. 7, p. 645-684.

Reed, Stephen, 1873, On trains of boulders and on the transport of boulders to a level above that of their source: American Journal of Science, 3rd series, v. 5, p. 218-219.

Reeds, C. A., 1925a, Glacial Lake Hackensack and adjacent lakes: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 36, no. 1, p. 155.

Reeds, C. A., 1925b, The geology of New York City and vicinity: American Museum of Natural History Guide Leaflet 56, 21 p.

Reeds, C. A., 1926a, New York City as a field for earthquake study: Science, v. 63, p. 415-418.

Reeds, C. A., 1926b, The varved clays at Little Ferry, New Jersey: American Museum Novitates, No. 209, p. 1-16.

Reeds, C. A., 1927, Glacial lakes and clays near New York City: Natural History, v. 27, p. 55-64.

Reeds, C. A., 1928, Varved glacial clays at Haverstraw, New York: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 39, p. 217-218.

Reeds, C. A., 1929, Weather and glaciation: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 40, p. 597-630

Reeds, C. A., 1930, Geology of New York City and vicinity (3rd ed.): New York, NY, The American Museum of Natural History Guide Leaflet No. 56, 36 p.

Reeds, C. A., 1933, The varved clays and other features in the vicinity of New York City, p. 52-63 in Berkey, C. P., ed., International Geological Congress, 16th, United States, Guidebook 9, New York excursions, New York City and vicinity: Washington, D. C., United States Government Printing Office, 151 p.

Reeside, J. B., and others, 1957, Correlation of the Triassic formations of North America, exclusive of Canada: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 68, p. 1451-1514.

Reesman, R. H., Filbert, C. R., and Krueger, H. W., 1973, Potassium-argon dating of the Upper Triassic lavas of the Connecticut Valley, New England: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 5, no. 2, p. 211 (only).

Reesor, J.; and Moore, J., 1971, Petrology and structure of the Thor-Odin Gneiss dome, Shuswap Metamorphic Complex, British Columbia: Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin, v. 195, 149 p.

Reeves, C. C., Jr., 1976, Caliche: origin, classification, morphology, and uses: Lubbock, TX, Estacado Books, 233 p.

Reeves, F., 1925, Shallow folding and faulting aroujnd the Bearpaw Mountains, American Journal of Science, 5th series, v. 10, p. 187-200.

Reeves, F., 1946, Origin and mechanics of thrust faults adjacent to the Bearpaw Mountains, Montana: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 57, p. 1033-1047.

Reeves, S. A., 1922, Cleansing New York Harbor: Geographical Review, v. 12, p. 420-423.

Regnier, J., 1960, Cenozoic geology in the vicinity of Carlin, Nevada: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 71, no. 8, p. 1189-1210.

Reichard, R. P.; and Celikkol, Barbaros, 1977, Application of a finite element hydrodynamic model to the Great Bay estuary system, New Hampshire, U. S. A., p. 349-372 in Nihoul, J. C. J., ed., Hydrodynamics of estuaries and fjords: Liege International Colloquium on Ocean Hydrodynamics, 9th, 1977, Proceedings: Amsterdam-Oxford-New York, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, 546 p.

Reimer, G. E., 1984 ms., The sedimentology and stratigraphy of the southern basin of glacial Lake Passaic, New Jersey: New Brunswick, NJ, Rutgers University Department of Geology Master's Thesis, 205 p.

Reimnitz, E.; and Gutiérrez-Estrada, M., 1970, Rapid changes in the head of the Rio Balsas submarine canyon system, Mexico: Marine Geology, v. 8,

Reineck, H. E., and Singh, I. B., 1980, Depositional sedimentary environments, with reference to terrigenous clastics, 2nd revised and updated ed.: Berlin-Heidelberg-New York, Springer-Verlag, 549 p.

Reis, Heinrich, 1897, Geology of Orange County, New York: New York State Geologist Annual Report, 15th, p. 18-19, 393-475 (maps). [Also York State Museum Annual Report, 49th, v. 2, p. 18-19, 393-475 (maps).]

Rejebian, V. A., Harris, A. G., and Huebner, J. S., 1987, Conodont color and textural alteration: An index to regional metamorphism, contact metamorphism, and hydrothermal alteration: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 99, no. 4, p. 471- 479.

Renard, A., 1878, Sur la structure et la composition mineralogique du coticule: Academie Royale de Belgique, Mem. Cour. et Mem. des Sav. Etr. XLI:.

Renaut, R. W., and Last, W. M., eds., 1994, Sedimentology and geochemistry of modern and ancient saline lakes: Tulsa, OK, Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Special Publication No. 50, 334 p. (index, p. 327-334).

Renner, G. T., 1927, The physiographic interpretation of the Fall Line: Geographical Review, v. 17, no. 2, p 278-286.

Research Planning Institute, Inc., 1981, Sediment budget, phase 1--Moriches Inlet, Fire Island Inlet to Montauk Point reformulation study: New York, NY, U. S. Army Corps of Engineers New York District Interim Report, 82 p. + App.

Research Planning Institute, Inc., 1983, Sediment budget analysis, Fire Island Inlet to Montauk Point, Long Island, New York, reformulation study: New York, NY, U. S. Army Corps of Engineers New York District Interim Report, 82 p + App.

Research Planning Institute, Inc., 1985, Sediment budget summary, Fire Island Inlet to Montauk Point reformulation study: New York, NY, U. S. Army Corps of Engineers New York District Final Report, 85 p. + App.

Ressetar, R. M., 1976 ms., Major and minor element geochemistry of the Holyoke Basalt, Connecticut Triassic Basin: Columbia, SC, University of South Carolina Department of Geology Master's Thesis, 62 p.

Rex, R. W., 1983, The Imperial Valley, California origin of the brines of (abstract): Geological Society of America Programs with Abstracts, v. 15, no. 6, p. 670 (only). (Geological Society of America annual meeting, 94th, Indianapolis, IN, 31 Oct-03 Nov 1983)

Reynolds, D. D., and Leavitt, D. H., 1927, A scree of Triassic age: American Journal of Science, 5th series, v. 13, p. 167-171.

Reynolds, D. L., 1946, The sequence of geochemical changes leading to granitization: Geological Society of London Quarterly Journal, v. 102, p. 389-446.

Reynolds, D. L., 1947a, On the relationship between "Fronts" of regional metamorphism and "Fronts" of granitization: Geological Magazine, v. 84, p. 106-109.

Reynolds, D. L., 1947b, The granite controversy: Geological Magazine, v. 84, p. 209-223.

Rhoads, D. C., and Berner, R. A., 1969, Animal-sediment relationships and early sediment diagenesis in Long Island Sound, Trip E-1 in New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference Annual Meeting, 60th, New Haven, CT: Connecticut Geological and Natural History Survey Guidebook 2, 11 p.

Ricci Lucchi, Franco, 1981, The Marnoso-arenacea: A migrating turbidite basin (over)supplied by a highly efficient dispersal system, p. 232-275 in Ricci-Lucchi, Franco, ed., International Association of Sedimentologists European Regional Meeting, 2nd, Bologna, Italy, Excursion Guidebook.

Ricci-Lucchi, Franco, 1995, Sedimentographica: A photographic atlas of sedimentary structures, 2nd ed: New York, NY, Columbia University Press, 255 p.

Ricci Lucchi, Franco; and Valmori, Emidio, 1980, Basin-wide turbidites in a Miocene, over-supplied deep-sea plain: A geometrical analysis: Sedimentology, v. 27, no. 3, p. 241-270.

Rice, W. N., 1906, The Triassic, p. 157-222 in Rice, W. N., and Gregory, H. E., 1906, Manual of the geology of Connecticut: Connecticut Geological and Natural History Survey Bulletin 6, 273 p. (map).

Rice, W. N., and Foye, W., 1927, Guide to the geology of Middletown, Connecticut, and vicinity: Connecticut Geological and Natural History Survey Bulletin 41, 120 p.

Rice, W. N., and Gregory, H. E., 1906, Manual of the geology of Connecticut: Connecticut Geological and Natural History Survey Bulletin 6, 273 p.

Rich, C. A., 1975 ms., Effects of storms and construction activities on beach accretion and recession rates from Moriches Inlet to Amagansett, Long Island: Flushing, NY, Queens College of The City University of New York Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Master's Thesis, 95 p.

Rich, J. L., 1906, Local glaciation in the Catskill Mountains: Journal of Geology, v. 14, p. 113-121.

Rich, J. L., 1914, Divergent ice flow on the plateau northeast of the Catskill Mountains as revealed by ice-molded topography (abstract): Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 25, p. 68-70.

Rich, J. L., 1915, Notes on the physiography and glacial geology of the northern Catskill Mountains: American Journal of Science, series 4, v. 39, p. 137-166.

Rich, J. L., 1917, Local glaciation in the Catskill Mountains (abstract with discussion by F. B. Taylor and J. W. Goldthwait): Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 28, p. 133-134.

Rich, J. L., 1918, The glacial phenomena of the Catskill Mountains: New York State Museum Bulletin 196, p. 32-39.

Rich, J. L., 1934, Mechanics of low-angle overthrust faulting as illustrated by Cumberland thrust block, Virginia, Kentucky, and Tennessee: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 18, no. 12, p. 1584-1596.

Rich, J. L., 1935, Glacial geology of the Catskills: New York State Museum Bulletin No. 299, 180 p.

Rich, J. L., 1950, Flow markings, groovings, and intrastratal crumplings as criteria for recognition of slope deposits with illustrations from Silurian rocks of Wales: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 34, p. 717-741.

Richards, H. G., 1949, The occurrence of Triassic rocks in the subsurface of the Atlantic coastal plain: Pennsylvania Academy of Sciences Proceedings, v. 23, p. 45-48.

Richards, H. G., 1953, Record of the rocks. The geological story of eastern North America: New York, The Ronald Press Company, 413 p.

Richards, H. G., 1956, Don't write off the Atlantic coastal plain: Oil and Gas Journal, v. 54, no. 52, p. 182-187.

Richards, H. G., 1962, Studies on the marine Pleistocene: American Philosophical Society Transactions, new series, v. 52, 141 p.

Richards, H. G., 1967, Stratigraphy of Atlantic Coastal Plain between Long Island and Georgia: review: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 51, no. 12, p. 2400-2409.

Richards, H. G.; and Harbison, A., 1942, Miocene invertebrate fauna of New Jersey: Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences Proceedings, v. 94, pp. 167-250.

Richards, H. G.; and Judson, Sheldon, 1965, The Atlantic Coastal Plain and the Appalachian highlands during the Quaternary, p. 129-136 in Wright, H. E., and Frey, D. G., eds., The Quaternary of the United States: Princeton, NJ, Princeton University Press, 922 p.

Richards, H. G., Olmsted, F. H., and Ruhle, J. L., 1962, Generalized structure contour map of the New Jersey coastal plain: New Jersey Geological Survey Geological Report Series No. 4, 38 p.

Richardson, M. J.; Wimbus, M.; and Layer, L., 1981, Exceptionally strong near-bottom flows on the continental rise of Nova Scotia: Science, v. 213, p. 887-888.

Richardson, S. W., Gilbert, M. C., and Bell, P. M., 1969, Experimental determination of kyanite-anadalusite and andalusite-sillimanite equilibria; the aluminum silicate triple point: American Journal of Science, v. 267, p. 259-272.

Richardson, S., 1968, Staurolite stability in a part of the system Fe-Al-Si-O-H: Journal of Petrology, v. 9, p. 476-488.

Richmond, B. M., and Sallenger, A. H., Jr., 1985, Cross-shore transport of bimodal sands, p. 1997-2008 in Edge, B. L., ed., Conference on Coastal Engineering, 19th, Houston, Texas, 03-07 September 1984, Proceedings: New York, NY, American Society of Civil Engineers, 3 vols., v. 1, p. 1-1102; v. 2, p. 1103-2180; v. 3, p. 2181-3282.

Rickard, L. V., 1962, Late Cayugan (Upper Silurian) and Helderbergian (Lower Devonian) stratigraphy in New York: New York State Museum and Science Service Bulletin 386, 157 p. (Includes correlation chart).

Rickard, L. V., 1964, Correlation of the Devonian rocks in New York State: New York State Museum Geological Survey Map and Chart Series, No. 4. (chart only).

Rickard, L. V., 1973, Stratigraphy and structure of the subsurface Cambrian and Ordovician carbonates of New York: New York State Museum and Science Service Map and Chart Series No. 18, 26 p., 19 pls.

Rickard, L. V., 1975, Correlation of the Silurian and Devonian rocks in New York State: New York State Museum Map and Chart Series, No. 24, 16 p., 4 pls.

Rickard, L. V., and Fisher, D. W., 1973, Middle Ordovician Normanskill Formation, eastern New York: age, stratigraphic, and structural position: American Journal of Science, v. 273, p. 580-590.

Rickard, L. V., Oliver, W. A., Jr., and Laporte, L. F., 1963, Stratigraphy, facies changes, and paleoecology of the Lower Devonian Helderberg limestones and the Middle Devonian Onondaga Limestone: (L. V. Rickard, The Helderberg Group, p. 1-8; L. F. Laporte, Algae of the Manlius Limestone, p. 9-10; W. A. Oliver, Jr., The Onondaga Limestone, p. 11-16) in Creagh, Agnes, ed., Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, 76th, New York City, Guidebook to field trip No. 1, 30 p.

Ricken, W., 1996, Bedding rhythms and cyclic sequences as documented in organic carbon-carbonate patterns, Upper Cretaceous, Western Interior, U. S.: Sedimentary Geology, v. 102, nos. 1-2, p. 131-

Ricketts, H. C., 1986, Examination in boreholes of the subsurface Gardiners Clay (Pleistocene), in the context of the Cretaceous-Quaternary section of Great Neck, Long Island, New York: Northeastern Geology, v. 8, nos. 1/2, p. 13-22.

Ridge, J. C., and Larsen, F. D., 1990, Re-evaluation of Antev's varve chronology and new radiocarbon dates of sediments from glacial Lake Hitchcock: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 102, p. 889-899.

Ridge, J. D., 1968, Changes and developments in concepts of ore genesis--1933-1967, p. 1713-1834 in Ridge, J. D., ed., Ore deposits in the United States, 1933-1967, Graton-Sales Volume: New York, NY, American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, 1880 p.

Ridge, J. D., ed., 1968, Ore deposits of the United States, 1933-1967 (The Graton-Sales Volume), 2 vols. New York, NY, American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, 1880 p.

Riggs, S. R., and Belknap, D. F., 1988, Ch. , p. 134+/--176 in Sheridan, R. E., and Grow, J. A., eds., The Atlantic continental margin: U. S.: Boulder, CO, The geology of North America, vol. I-2, 610 p.

Ries, A. C., and Shackleton, R. M., 1976, Patterns of strain variation in arcuate fold belts: Royal Society of London Philosophical Transactions, v. 283A, p. 281-288.

Ries, Heinrich, 1891a, The Quaternary deposits of the Hudson River between Croton and Albany: New York State Geologist Annual Report, v. 10, p. 110-155.

Ries, Heinrich, 1891b, The clays of the Hudson River Valley: New York Academy of Sciences Transactions, v. 11, p. 33-39.

Ries, Heinrich, 1895a, On a granite-diorite near Harrison, Westchester County, N.Y.: New York Academy of Sciences Transactions v. 14, p. 80-86.

Ries, Heinrich, 1895b, Clay industries of New York: New York State Museum Bulletin 12, p. 93-262.

Ries, Heinrich, 1901, Lime and cement industries of New York: New York State Museum Bulletin 44, p. 639-848.

Ries, Heinrich; and Bowen, W. C., 1922, Origin of the zinc ores of Sussex County, New Jersey: Economic Geology, v. 17, p. 517-571.

Riley, G. A., 1952, Hydrography of the Long Island and Block Island Sounds: New Haven, CT, Yale University Bingham Oceanographic Laboratory Bulletin 13, 5 p.

Riley, G. A., 1955a, Oceanography of Long Island Sound. I, Introduction: New Haven, CT, Yale University Bingham Oceanographic Laboratory Bulletin 15, 9 p.

Riley, G. A., 1955b, Oceanography of Long Island Sound. II, Physical oceanography: New Haven, CT, Yale University Bingham Oceanographic Laboratory Bulletin 15, 15 p.

Rimoldi, Bianca; Alexander, Jan; and Morris, Stephen, 1996, Experimental turbidity currents entering density-stratified water: Analogues for turbidites in Mediterranean hypersline basins: Sedimentology, v. 43, no. 3, p. 527-540.

Rinehart, C. D., and Ross, D. C., 1964, Geology and mineral deposits of the Mount Morrison quadrangle, Sierra Nevada, California, with a section on a gravity study of Long Valley, by L. C. Pakiser: United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 385, 106 p.

Riva, John, 1968, Graptolite faunas from the Middle Ordovician of the Gaspé north shore, in Éditions speciales du centenaire, 1868-1968--Sciences de la terre: Naturaliste Canadien, v. 95, no. 6, p. 1379-1400.

Riva, John, 1969, Middle and Upper Ordovician graptolite faunas of St. Lawrence lowlands of Quebec, and of Anticosti Island, p. 513-556 in Kay, Marshall, ed., North Atlantic-- geology and continental drift. A symposium on the origin of the Atlantic Ocean, Gander Newfoundland, 24-30 August 1967: Tulsa, OK, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 12, 1082 p.

Riva, J., 1974, A revision of some Ordovician graptolites of eastern North America: Paleontology, v. 17, p. 1-40.

Robb, J. M; Kirby, J. R.; Hampson, J. C., Jr.; Gibson, P. R.; and Hecker, B., 1983, Furrowed outcrops of Eocene chalk on the lower continental slope offshore New Jersey: Geology, v. 11, p. 182-186.

Roberson, M. I., 1964, Continuous seismic profiler survey of Oceanographer, Gilbert, and Lydonia submarine canyons, Georges Bank: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 69, p. 4779-4789.

Roberts, A. M.; and Yielding, Graham, 1994, Continental exten-sional tectonics, Ch. 11, p. 223-250 in Hancock, P. L., ed., Continental deformation: Oxford-New York-Seoul-Tokyo, Pergamon Press, 421 p.

Roberts, A. M.,; Yielding, Graham; and Freeman, B., eds., 1991, The geometry of normal faults: London, UK, Geological Society of London Special Publication No. 56, xxx p.

Roberts, C. M., 1948, Petrography of a sample of bedrock from a deep well at Rockaway Park, Long Island, New York: American Mineralogist, v. 33, no. 3-4, p. 258-259.

Roberts, D. G., and Caston, V. D., 1975, Petroleum potential of the deep Atlantic Ocean: World Petroleum Congress, 9th, Tokyo, Japan, Proceedings, v. 2, p. 281-298.

Roberts, E. B., 1957, Tsunamis, the strangest waves on the sea: U. S. Naval Institute Proceedings, v. 83, p. 1201-1207.

Roberts, H. H., Suhayada, J. N., and Coleman, J. M., 1980, Sediment deformation and transport on low-angle slopes: Mississippi River Delta, p. 131-167 in Coates, D. R., and Vitek, J. D., eds., Thresholds in geomorphology: London, UK, Allen & Unwin, 000 p.

Roberts, J. K., 1928, The geology of the Virginia Triassic: Virginia Geological Survey Bulletin 29, 205 p.

Roberts, R. J.; Hotz, P. E.; Gilluly, James; and Ferguson, H. G., 1958, Paleozoic rocks of north-central Nevada: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 42, no. 12, p. 2813-2857.

Roberts, J. A., and Kauper, E. K., 1964, The effects of wind and precipitation on the modification of south beach, Crescent City, California: Altadena, CA, Atmospheric Research Group, 32 p.

Roberts, L., 19 Jul 1991, Greenhouse role in reef stress unproven: Science, v. 253, p. 258-259.

Roberts, Ralph; Hotz, P.; Gilluly, James; and Ferguson, H., 1958, Paleozoic rocks in north-central Nevada: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 42, p. 2813-2857.

Robertson, A., 1975, Cyprus umbers: basalt-sediment relationships on a Mesozoic ocean ridge: Geological Society of London Journal, v. 131, p. 511-531.

Robertson, A., 1987a, The transition from a passive margin to an Upper Cretaceous foreland basin related to ophiolite emplacement in the Oman Mountains: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 99, p. 633-653.

Robertson, A., 1987b, Upper Cretaceous Muti Formation: Transition of a Mesozoic carbonate platform to a foreland basin in the Oman Mountains: Sedimentology, v. 34, p. 1123-1142.

Robin, P-Y. F., 1978, Pressure solution at grain-to-grain contacts: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 42, p. 1383-1389.

Robinson, G. R., Jr., 1985, Ore deposit models and mineral resource studies in the Early Mesozoic basins of the eastern United States, p. 117-120 in Robinson, G. R., Jr.; and Froelich, A. J., eds., United States Geological Survey workshop on the Early Mesozoic basins of the eastern United States, 2nd, Proceedings: United States Geological Survey Circular 946, 147 p.

Robinson, G. R., Jr.; and Froelich, A. J., eds., 1985, United States Geological Survey workshop on the Early Mesozoic basins of the eastern United States, 2nd, Proceedings: United States Geological Survey Circular 946, 147 p.

Robinson, Peter; and Brady, J. B., eds., 1992, New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference Annual Meeting, 84th, Guidebook

Robinson, Peter; and Hall, L. M., 1980, Tectonic synthesis of southern New England, p. 73-82 in Wones, D. R., ed., International Geological Correlation Project, Proceedings, Project 27: The Caledonides in the U. S. A.: Blacksburg, VA, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Department of Geological Sciences Memoir 2, 329 p.

Robinson, Peter; Hatch, N. L., Jr.; and Stanley, R. S., 1988, The Whately thrust: A structural solution to the stratigraphic dilemma of the Erving Formation, p. D1-D23 in Hatch, N. L., Jr., ed., The bedrock geology of Massachusetts: U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1366 A-D, not consecutively paginated.

Robinson, Peter; and Luttrell, G. W., 1985, Revision of some stratigraphic names in central Massachusetts: U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1605-A, p. A71-A78.

Robinson, Peter; Ratcliffe, N. M.; and Hepburn, J. C., 1993, A tectonic-stratigraphc transect across the New England Caledonides of Massachusetts, Chapter C, p. C-1 to C-26 in Cheney, J. T., and Hepburn, J. C., eds., Field trip guidebook for the northeastern United States, v. 1: Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, , Boston, MA, and New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference, 85th: Amherst, MA, University of Massachusetts Department of Geology and Geography Contribution No. 67, in 2 volumes, not consecutively paginated.

(p. C-1) "These features were then modified during Mesozoic extension associated with the opening of the modern Atlantic, involving faulting with vertical displacements as great as 8 km."

Robinson, Peter; Tracy, R. J.; Santallier, D. S.; Andreasson, P.-G.; and Gilibarguchi, J. I., 1988, Scandian-Acadian-Caledonian sensu strictu metamorphism in the age range 430-360 Ma, p. 453-467 in Harris, A. L., and Fettes, D. J., eds., The Caledonian-Appalachian orogen: London, UK, Geological Society of London Special Publication No. 38, 643 p.

Robison, B. A., 1980, Description and analysis of Mesozoic `red beds,' western Arizona and southeastern California, p. 147-154 in Jenney, J. P.; and Stone, C., eds., Studies in western Arizona: Arizona Geological Society Digest, v. 12, p. xxx.

Robison, B. A., 1983, Low-angle normal faulting, Marys River valley, Nevada, p. 2.2.2.12 to 2.2.2.-16 in Seismic expression of structural styles: Tulsa, OK, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Studies in Geology No. 15, v. 2

Robson, D. A., 1971, The structure of the Gulf of Suez (Clysmic) rift with special reference to the eastern side: Geological Society of London Quarterly Journal, v. 127, p. 247-276.

Roden, Mary K, 1991, Apatite fission track thermochronology of the southern Appalachian basin: Maryland, West Virginia, and Virginia: Journal of Geology, v. 99, p. 41-53.

Roden, Mary K.; and Miller, D. S., 1989, Apatite fission-track thermochronology of the Pennsylvania Appalachian basin: Geomorphology, v. 2, p. 39-51.

Roden, Mary K.; and Miller, D. S., 1991, Tectono-thermal history of Hartford, Deerfield, Newark, and Taylorsville Basins, eastern United States, using fission-track analysis: Schweizere Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, v. 71, p. 187-203.

Roden, Mary K.; and Miller, D. S., 1992, Thermal history of Hartford, Newark, and Taylorsville basins using fission-track analysis (abstract): Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 21, no. 6, p. 266 (only).

Rhoden, Mary K.; and Wintsch, R. P., 1992, Zircon and apatite fission-track evidence for an early Permian thermal peak and relatively rapid late Permian cooling in the Appalachian basin (abstract): Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 24, no. , p. A187 (only).

Rodgers, D. A., 1980, Analysis of pull-apart basin develop-ment produced by en échelon and strike-slip faults, p. 27-41 in Ballance, P. F.; and Reading, H. G., eds., Sedimentation in oblique-slip mobile zones: International Association of Sedi-mentologists Special Publication No. 4, xxx p.

Rodgers, John, 1937, Stratigraphy and structure in the upper Champlain Valley: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 48, p. 1573-1588.

Rodgers, John, 1940, Distinction between calcite and dolomite on polished surfaces: American Journal of Science, v. 238, no. 11, p. 788-798.

Rodgers, John, 1943, Geologic map of Copper Ridge District, Hawkins, Hancock, and Grainger counties, Tennessee: U. S. Geological Survey Strategic Minerals Investigations Preliminary Map.

Rodgers, John, 1948, Geology and mineral deposits of Bumpass Cove, Unicoi and Washington Counties, Tennessee: Tennessee Department of Conservation Division of Geology Bulletin 54, 82 p.

Rodgers, John, 1949, Evolution of thought on structure of middle and southern Appalachians: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 33, no. 10, p. 1643-1654.

Rodgers, John, 1950, Mechanics of Appalachian folding as illustrated by Sequatchie anticline, Tennessee and Alabama: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 34, no. 4, p. 672-681.

Rodgers, John, 1951, La tectonique découlement par gravité; gravity sliding tectonics (essay review): American Journal of Science, v. 249, p. 639-640.

Rodgers, John, 1952, East-central New York and parts of western Vermont, p. 7-14, 33-37 in Billings, M. P.; Rodgers, John; and Thompson, J.B., Jr., eds., Geology of the Appalachian Highlands of east-central New York, southern Vermont and southern New Hampshire: Geological Society of America, Annual Meeting, 65th, Boston, Guidebook for field trips in New England, 71 p.

Rodgers, John, 1953, The folds and faults of the Appalachian Valley and Ridge province, p. 150-166 in McGrain, Preston, ed., Techniques of mineral resources exploration and evaluation: Southeastern Mineral Symposium 1950, Proceedings: Kentucky Geological Survey, series 9, Special Publication No. 1, 166 p.

Rodgers, John, 1963, Mechanics of Appalachian foreland folding in Pennsylvania and West Virginia: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 47, no. 8, p. 1527-1536.

Rodgers, John, 1964, Basement and no-basement hypotheses in the Jura and the Appalachian Valley and Ridge, p. 71-80 in Lowry, W. D., ed., Tectonics of the Southern Appalachians: Blacksburg, Virginia, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Department of Geological Sciences, Memoir 1, 114 p.

Rodgers, John, 1967a, Chronology of tectonic movements in the Appalachian region of eastern North America: American Journal of Science, v. 265, p. 408-427.

Rodgers, John, 1967b, Unusual features of the New York sector of the Appalachian Mountains, p. 1-4 in Waines, R. H., ed., New York State Geological Association, Annual Meeting, 39th, New Paltz, New York, 5-7 May 1967, Guidebook to field trips: New Paltz, New York, State University College at New Paltz, Division of Physical Sciences, not consecutively paginated.

Rodgers, John, 1968, The eastern edge of the North American continent during the Cambrian and early Ordovician, p. 141-149 in Zen, E-an; White, W. S.; Hadley, J. B., and Thompson, J. B., Jr., eds., Studies of Appalachian geology, northern and maritime: New York, NY, Wiley-Interscience, 475 p.

Rodgers, John, 1969, Comments on the symposium on the New York City Group: summary, p. 83 (only) in Alexandrov, E. A., ed., Symposium on the New York City Group of Formations: New York State Geological Association Annual Meeting, 40th, Flushing, New York: Flushing, NY, Department of Geology Geological Bulletin 3, Queens College Press, 83 p.

Rodgers, John, 1970a, The tectonics of the Appalachians: New York, NY, Interscience Publishers, Inc., 271 p.

Rodgers, John, 1970b, The Pulaski fault, and the extent of Cambrian evaporites in the central and southern Appalachians, Ch. 11, p. 175-178 in Fisher, G. W.; Pettijohn, F. J.; Reed, J. C., Jr.; and Weaver, K. N., eds., Studies of Appalachian geology: central and southern: New York, Wiley-Interscience, 460 p.

Rodgers, John, 1971, The Taconic orogeny: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 82, p. 1141-1178.

Rodgers, John, 1972, Latest Precambrian (Post-Grenville) rocks of the Appalachian region: American Journal of Science, v. 272, no. 6, p. 507-520.

Rodgers, John, 1975, Appalachian salients and recesses (abstract): Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 7, p. 111-112.

Rodgers, John, 1982, Stratigraphic relationships and detrital composition of the Medial Ordovician flysch of western New England: implications for the tectonic evolution of the Taconic orogeny: a discussion: Journal of Geology, v. 90, no. 2, p. 219-222.

Rodgers, John, 1985, Bedrock geological map of Connecticut: Hartford, CT, Connecticut Geological and Natural History Survey, Connecticut Natural Resources Atlas Series, scale 1:250,000.

Rodgers, John, 1989, The Taconic controversies, p. T169-32 to T169-37 in Jordan, W. M., ed., Boston to Buffalo in the footsteps of Amos Eaton and Edward Hitchcock: International Geological Congress, 28th, Washington, D. C., Guidebook to Field Trip T169, 99 p.

Rodgers, John; and Fisher, D. W., 1969, Paleozoic rocks in Washington County, New York, west of the Taconic Klippe, p. 6-1 to 6-12 in Bird, J. M., ed., Guidebook for field trips in New York, Massachusetts, and Vermont: New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference Annual Meeting, 61st, Albany, New York, 10-12 October 1969: Albany, NY, State University of New York at Albany Department of Geology, not consecutively paginated.

Rodgers, John; Gates, R. M.; and Rosenfeld, J. L., 1956, Preliminary geological map of Connecticut, 1956: Connecticut Geological and Natural History Survey. (Scale 1:250,000).

Rodgers, John; Gates, R. M.; and Rosenfeld, J. L., 1959, Explanatory text for the preliminary geological map of Connecticut, 1956: Connecticut Geological and Natural History Survey Bulletin 84, 64 p.

Rodgers, John; and Kent, D. F., 1948, Stratigraphic section at Lee Valley, Hawkins County, Tennessee: Tennessee Department of Conservation Division of Geology Bulletin 55, 47 p.

Rodgers, John; and Neal, E. R. W., 1963, Possible "Taconic" klippen in western Newfoundland: American Journal of Science, v. 261, p. 713-730.

Rodine, J. D., and Johnson, A. M., 1976, The ability of debris, heavily freighted with coarse clastic material, to flow on gentle slopes: Sedimentology, v. 23, p. 213-234.

Rodolfo, K., 1969, Bathymetry and marine geology of the Andaman Basin and tectonic implications for southeast Asia: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 80, p. 1203-1230.

Roeckner, E., 1980, Meteorological problems associated with numerical storm surge prediction, p. 193-202 in Sundermann, Jurgen; and Holz, K.-P., eds., Mathematical modelling of estuarine physics: International Symposium, German Hydrographic Institute, Hamburg, 24-26 August 1978, Proceedings: Berlin-Heidelberg-New York, Springer-Verlag, 265 p.

Roedder, D.; Gilbert, O. E., Jr.; and Witherspoon, W. D., 1978, Evolution and macroscopic structure of valley and ridge thrust belt, Tennessee and Virginia: Knoxville, TN, University of Tennessee Department of Geological Sciences Studies in Geology, no. 2, 25 p.

Roedder, Edwin, 1971, Fluid inclusion studies on the porphyry-type ore deposits at Bingham, Utah, Butte, Montana, and Climax, Colorado: Economic Geology, v. 66, p. 998-120.

Roedder, Edwin, 1979, Fluid inclusions as samples of ore fluids, p. 684-737 in Barnes, H. L., ed., Geochemistry of hydrothermal ore deposits, 2nd ed.: New York, NY, Wiley-Interscience, 798 p.

Roedder, Edwin, 1984, Fluid-inclusion evidence bearing on the environments of gold deposition, p. 129-164 in Foster, R. P., ed., Gold '82; The geology, geochemistry and genesis of gold deposits: Rotterdam, The Netherlands, A. A. Balkema, 753 p.

Roedder, Edwin; and Bodnar, R. J., 1980, Geologic pressure determinations from fluid inclusion studies: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 8, p. 129-164.

Roen, J. B., and Kepferle, R. C., eds., 19??, Petroleum geology of the Devonian and Mississippian black shale of eastern North America: U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1909, 14 chaps. 13 plates.

Roering, C., 1968, The geometrical significance of natural en echelon crack arrays: Tectonophysics, v. 5, p. 107-123.

Rogers, A., 1947, Uraninite crystals with a new form from Portland, Connecticut: American Mineralogist, v. 32, p. 83-89.

Rogers, G. S., 1910, The character of the Hudson gorge at New York City: Columbia University School of Mines Quarterly, v. 32, p. 26-42.

Rogers, G. S., 1911, Geology of the Cortlandt series and its emery deposits: New York Academy of Sciences Annals, v. 21, p. 11-86.

Rogers, G. S., 1911, Original gneissoid structure in the Cortlandt series: American Journal of Science (4), v. 31, p. 125-130.

Rogers, H. D., 1839, Middle Secondary Red Sandstone formation, p. 19-23 in Pennsylvania State Geological Survey Annual Report, 3rd: Harrisburg, 119 p.

Rogers, H. D., 1840, Description of the geology of the State of New Jersey, being a final report: Philadelphia, PA, C. Sherman and Company, 301 p.

Rogers, H. D., 1842, [Remarks on a paper by Edward Hitchcock]: American Journal of Science, series, v. 43, p. 170.

Rogers, H. D., 1854, [On the inclination and thickness of the sandstone of the Connecticut Valley, remarks on a paper by Edward Hitchcock]: Boston Society of Natural History Proceedings, v. 4, p. 379-380.

Rogers, H. D., 1858, Geology of Pennsylvania. A government survey with a general view of the geology of the United States, essays on the Coal-Formation and its fossils, and a description of the coal-fields of North America and Great Britain: Edinburgh and London, W. Blackwood and Sons; Philadelphia, PA, J. Lippincott and Company, in Two Volumes, v. 2, part 2, p. 667-1045.

Rogers, H. D., 1865, Description of the geology of the State of New Jersey, being a final report: Trenton, NJ, J. R. Freese, "State Gazette" Office, 227 p.

Rogers, H. D.; Vanuxem, Lardner; Taylor, R. C.; Emmons, Ebenezer; and Conrad, T. A., 1841, Report on the ornithichnites or foot marks of extinct birds, in the New Red Sandstone of Massachusetts and Connecticut, observed and described by Prof. Hitchcock, Amherst: American Journal of Science, v. 41, p. 165-168.

Rogers, R. J., 1983, Heavy metals in bottom sediments from the Saw Mill River, Westchester County, New York: Northeastern Environmental Science, v. 2, nos. 3-4, p. 188.

Rogers, T., 1964, San Jose sheet, Geologic Map of California: California Division of Mines and Geology, scale 1:25,000.

Rogers, William Barton, 1842, On the prevailing dip in the various areas of New Red Sandstone of the Atlantic slope, remarks on a paper by Edward Hitchcock: American Journal of Science, 1st series, v. 43, p. 171-172.

Rogers, William Barton, 1844, [Presidential address to Association of American Geologists and Naturalists, Washington, D. C., May, 1844]: American Journal of Science, v. 47, p. 137-160, 247-278.

Rogers, William Barton, 1860, [On the stratigraphic relations of deposits formed in an ocean under conditions of stationary, subsiding, and rising position of the sea bottom]: Boston Society of Natural History Proceedings, v. 7, p. 246-249, 273-275.

Rogers, W. B.; Aparisi, M.; and Sirkin, L. A., 1988, Search for clues to Mesozoic graben on Long Island, p. 218-227 in Hunt, M. C., and others, Symposium on Studies Related to Continental Margins, First: U. S. Department of the Interior Minerals Management Service.

Rokoengen, K.; Lofaldi, M.; Rise, L.; and Loken, T., 1982, Description and dating of a submerged beach in the northern North Sea: Marine Geology, v. 50, p. m21-m28.

Roliff, W. A., 1967, A stratigraphic analysis of the subsurface data relating to the Chazy Group in the St. Lawrence Lowland of eastern Canada: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v.4, p. 579-595.

Roliff, W. A., 1968, Oil and gas exploration--Anticosti Island, Quebec: Geological Association of Canada Proceedings, v. 19, p. 31-36.

Romberger, S. B., 1991, Transport and deposition of precious metals in epithermal deposits, p. 219-232 in Raines, Gary L., Schafer, Robert W.; and Wilkinson, William H., eds., Geology and ore deposits of the Great Basin symposium, 01-05 April 1990, Reno, Nevada, Proceedings: Reno, NV, Geological Society of Nevada, in 2 volumes, v. 1, p. 1-618, v. 2, p. 619-1257 p.

Rona, P. A., 1969, Middle Atlantic continental slope of United States: deposition and erosion: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 53, p. 1453-1465.

Rona, P.; Harbison, R.; et al., 1976, Tectonic fabric and hydrothermal activity of Mid-Atlantic Ridge crest (latitude 26 degrees north): Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 87, p. 661-674.

Rondot, J., 1972, La transgression Ordovicienne dans Charlevoix, Québec: Candian Journal of Earth Science, v. 9, p. 11887-1203.

Ronov, A. B., 1994, Phanerozoic transgressions and regressions on the continents: American Journal of Science, v. 294, no. 7, p. 777-???

Rooth, C. G. H.; Emiliani, Cesare; and Poor, H. W., 1978, Climate response to astronomical forcing: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 41, p. 387-394.

Roper, H., 1956, The manganese deposits at Otjosondu, South West Africa: International Geological Congress, 20th, Mexico, Symposium on Manganese, v. 2, p. 115-122.

Rosalsky, M. B., 1947, A further study of the terminal moraine in the New York City area: Rocks and Minerals, v. 22, no. 1, p. 3-6.

Rosalsky, M. B., 1949, A study of minor beach features at Fire Island, Long Island, New York: New York Academy of Sciences Transactions, series 2, v. 12, p. 9-16.

Rosalsky, M. B., 1950, Characteristics of beach drifting: Shore and Beach, v. 18, p. 6-8.

Rosalsky, M. B., 1964, Swash and backwash action at the beach scarp: Rocks and Minerals, v. 39, p. 5-14.

Rose, R., 1957 ms., Geology of the May Lake area, Yosemite National Park: Berkley, CA, University of California Department of Geology Ph. D. dissertation, 000p.

Rosendahl, B. R., 1987, Architecture of continental rifts with special reference to East Africa: Annual Reviews of Earth and Planetary Science, v. 15, p. 445-503.

Rosendahl, B. R., and Livingstone, D. A., 1983, Rift lakes of East Africa: New seismic data and implications for future research: Episodes, v. 6, no. 1, p. 14-19.

Rosendahl, B. R.; Reynolds, D. J.; Lonben, P. M.; Burgess, C. F.; McGill, J.; Scott, D.; Lambiase, J. J.; and Derksen, S. J., 1986, Structural expressions of rifting: Lessons from Lake Tanganyika, p. 27-38 in Frostick, L. E.; Renaut, R. W.; Reid, Ian; and Tiercelin, J. T., eds., Sedimentation in the African rifts: Geological Society of London Special Publication No. 25, 381 p.

Ross, C. S., and Smith, R. L., 1961, Ash-flow tuffs: Their origin, geologic relations, and identification: U. S. Geological Survey Professiosnal Paper 361, 81 p.

Ross, D. A., 1970, Atlantic shelf and slope of the United States--heavy minerals of the continental margin from southern Nova Scotia to northern New Jersey: U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 529-G, 40 p.

Ross, D. A.; and Uchupi, Elazar, 1977, Structure and sedimentary history of southeastern Mediterranean Sea-Nile Cone area: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 61, p. 872-901.

Ross, J. P., 1963, Ordovician Cryptostome bryozoa; standard Chazyan Series, New York and Vermont: Geological Society of America, Bulletin, v. 74, p. 577-608.

Ross, J. R., and Keays, R. R., 1979, Precious metals in volcanic-type nickel sulphide deposits in Western Australia. 1. Relationship with the composition of the ores and their host rocks: Canadian Mineralogist, v. 17, p. 417-435.

Ross, M. E., 1992, Petrology and tectonic significance of Mesozoic mafic dikes of the coastal New England igneous province, Massachusetts, p. 63-74 in Puffer, J. H., and Ragland, P. C., eds., Eastern North American Mesozoic magmatism: Boulder, CO, Geological Society of America Special Paper 268, 406 p.

Ross, M. H., 1949, Source and correlation of the Deepkill conglomerates (abstract): Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 60, no. 12, part 2, p. 1973 (only).

Ross, R. J., Jr., 1977, Ordovician paleogeography of the western United States, p. 19-38 in Stewart, J. H.; Stevens, C. H.; and Fritsche, A. E., eds., Paleozoic paleogeography of the western United States: Pacific coast paleogeography symposium 22 April 1977, Bakersfield, CA: Los Angeles, CA, Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, 502 p.

Ross, R. J.,, Jr.; James, N. P.; Hintze, L. F.; and Poole, F. G., 1989, Architecture and evolution of a Whiterockian (Early Middle Ordovician) carbonate platform, Basin Ranges of western U. S. A., p. 167-185 in Crevello, P. D., Wilson, J. L., Sarg, J. F., and Read, J. F., eds., Controls on carbonate platform and basin development: Tulsa, OK, Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Special Publication No. 44, 405 p.

Ross, T. M., 1995, North-south-directed extension, timing of extension, and vertical-axis rotation of the southwest Cady Mountains, Mojave Desert, California: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 107, no. 7, p. 793-811.

Rossiter, J. R., and Lennon, G. W., 1968, An intensive analysis of shallow water tides: Royal Astronomical Society Geophysical Journal, v. 16, p. 275

Rosswell, D. M., and De Swardt, A. M. J., 1974, Secondary leaching porosity in Middle Ecca Sandstones: Geological Society of South Africa Transactions and Proceedings, v. 77, p. 131-140.

Rothlisberger, F., 1986, 10,000 Jahre Gletschergeschichte der Erde: Aarau, Verlag Sauerlander, 384 p.

Rothlisberger, F.; Haas, P.; Holzhauser, H.; Keller, W.; Bircher, W.; and Renner, F., 1980, Holocene climatic fluctuations--Radiocarbon dating of fossil soils and woods from moraines and glaciers in the Alps: Geographica Helvetica, v. 35, p. 21-52.

Rowell, A. J.; Rees, M.; and Suczek, C., 1979, Margin of the North American in Nevada during late Cambrian time: American Journal of Science, v. 279, p. 1-18.

Rowley, D. B., 1980 ms., Complex structure and stratigraphy of the lower slices of the Taconic allochton near Granville, New York: Albany, NY, State University of New York at Albany Department of Geology Master's Thesis, 258 p.

Rowley, D. B., 1980, Timor-Australia collision: analog for Taconic allochthon emplacement (abstract): Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 12, p. 79 (only).

Rowley, D. B., 1982, New methods for estimating displacements of thrust faults affecting Atlantic-type shelf sequences: with applications to the Champlain thrust, Vermont: Tectonics, v. 1, no. 4, p. 369-388.

Rowley, D. B., 1983 ms., Operation of the Wilson cycle in western New England during the early Paleozoic: with emphasis on the stratigraphy, structure and emplacement of the Taconic allochthon: Albany, NY, State University of New York at Albany Department of Geology Ph. D. Dissertation, 602 p.

Rowley, D. B., 1983, Contrasting fold-thrust relationships along northern and western edges of the Taconic allochthon: implications for a two-stage emplacement history (abstract): Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 15, p. 174 (only).

Rowley, D. B., and Kidd, W. S. F., 1981, Stratigraphic relationships and detrital composition of the Medial Ordovician flysch of western New England: Implications for the tectonic evolution of the Taconic orogeny: Journal of Geology, v. 89, p. 199-218.

Rowley, D. B., and Kidd, W. S. F., 1982a, A reply to Rodgers: Journal of Geology, v. 90, no. 2, p. 223-226.

Rowley, D. B., and Kidd, W. S. F., 1982b, re the above: Reply to Geiser: Journal of Geology, v. 90, no. 2, p. 230-233.

Rowley, D. B., Kidd, W. S. F., and Delano, L. L., 1979, Detailed stratigraphic and strucutal features of the Giddings Brook slice of the Taconic allochthon in the Granville area, p. 186-242 in Friedman, G. M., ed., Guidebook for field trips: New York State Geological Association Annual Meeting, 51st, and New England Intercollegiate Geology Conference Annual Meeting, 71st; Joint annual meeting, Troy, New York, 5-7 October 1979: Troy, NY, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Department of Geology; and Albany, NY, New York State Geological Survey, 457 p.

Rowsell, D. M.; and DeSwardt, A. M. J., 1974, Secondary leaching porosity in middle Ecca Sandstones: Geological Society of South Africa Transactions, v. 77, p. 131-140.

Roy, B., 1956, Manganese-ore deposits of Bombay State, India: International Geological Congress, 20th, Mexico, Symposium on Manganese, v. 4, p. 41-61.

Roy, D. C., and Skehan, J. W., eds., 1993, The Acadian orogeny: Recent studies in New England, Maritime Canada, and the autochthonous foreland: Boulder, CO, Geological Society of America Special Paper 275, 171 p.

Roy, S., 1965, Comparative study of the metamorphosed manganese protores of the world--the problem of the nomenclature of the gondites and kodurites: Economic Geology, v. 60, p. 1238-1260.

Roy, S., 1968, The mineralogy of different genetic types of manganese deposits: Economic Geology, v. 63, p. 760-786.

Royden, L.; Sclater, J. G.; and von Herzen, R. P., 1980, Continental margin subsidence and heat flow: important parameters in formation of petroleum hydrocarbons: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 64, no. 1, p. 171-187.

Rubenstein, E., 29 Aug 1991, Global warming or hot air?: National Review, v. 43, p. 14 (only).

Rubey, W. W., and Hubbert, M. K, 1959, Role of fluid pressure in mechanics of overthrust faulting: II. Overthrust belt in geosynclinal area of western Wyoming in light of fluid pressure hypothesis: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 70, p. 167-206.

Rubin, D. M., 1975 ms., Depositional environments and diagenesis of the Whitehall Formation (Cambro-Ordovician) of eastern New York and adjacent southwestern Vermont: Troy, NY, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Department of Geology Ph. D. Dissertation, 128 p.

Rubin, D. M., and Friedman, G. F., 1977, Intermittently emergent shelf carbonates: an example from the Cambro-Ordovician of eastern New York State: Sedimentary Geology, v. 19, p. 81-l06.

Rubin, D. M., and Friedman, G. M., 1981, Origin of chert grains and a halite-silcrete bed in the Cambrian and Ordovician Whitehall Formation of eastern New York State: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 51, p. 69-72.

Rucklidge, J. C., and Patterson, G. C., 1977, The role of chlorine in serpentinization: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 65, p. 39-44.

Ruckmick, J.; and Noble, J., 1959, Origin of the ultramafic complex at Union Bay, southeastern Alaska: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 70, p. 981-1018.

Ruddiman, W. F., and McIntyre, Andrew, 1981, Oceanic mechanisms for amplification of the 23,000-year ice-volume cycle: Science, v. 212, p. 617-627.

Ruddiman, W. F., and Wright, H. E., Jr., eds., 1987, North America and the adjacent oceans during the last glaciation: Boulder, CO, Geological Society of America Decade of North American Geology Geology of North America v. K-3.

Ruedemann, Rudolf, 1897, Evidence of current action in the Ordovician of New York: American Geologist, v. 19, p. 367-391.

Ruedemann, Rudolf, 1898, Additional note on the oceanic current in the Utica epoch: American Geologsit, v. 22, p. 16-25.

Ruedemann, Rudolf, 1901a, Hudson River beds near Albany and their taxonomic equivalents: New York State Museum Bulletin 42, no. 8, p. 489-587.

Ruedemann, Rudolf, 1901b, Trenton conglomerate of Rysedorph Hill, Rensselaer County, New York, and its fauna: New York State Museum Bulletin 49, 114 p.

Ruedemann, Rudolf, 1909, Types of inliers observed in New York: New York State Museum Bulletin 133, p. 164-193.

Ruedemann, Rudolf, 1912, The Lower Siluric shales of the Mohawk valley: New York State Museum Bulletin 162, 151 p.

Ruedemann, Rudolf, 1914, Paleozoic rocks of the eastern trough, p. 66-99 in Cushing, H. P.; and Ruedemann, Rudolf, Geology of Saratoga Springs and vicinity: New York State Museum Bulletin 169, 177 p.

Ruedemann, Rudolf, 1925, The Utica and Lorraine formations of New York; part 1, stratigraphy: New York State Museum Bulletin 258, 175 p.

Ruedemann, Rudolf, 1929, Alternating oscillatory movement in the Chazy and Levis troughs of the Appalachian geosyncline: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 40, p. 409-417.

Ruedemann, Rudolf, 1930, Geology of the Capitol district: New York State Museum Bulletin 285, 218 p.

Ruedemann, Rudolf, 1931, The tangential drainage of the Adirondacks: American Journal of Science, 5th series, v. 22, p. 431-440.

Ruedemann, Rudolf, 1932, Development of drainage of Catskills: American Journal of Science, 5th series, v. 23, p. 337-349.

Ruedemann, Rudolf, 1933, Albany to Lake George, New York, p. 14- 20 in Longwell, C. R., ed., Eastern New York and western New England: International Geological Congress, 16th, United States 1933, Guidebook 1, Excursion 1-A: Washington, D. C., U. S. Government Printing Office, 118 p.

Ruedemann, Rudolf, 1939, The Hudson River: The Hudson River Magazine, v. II, no. 1 (April), 6 p.

Ruedemann, Rudolf, 1942a, Notes on Ordovician plankton and radiolarian chert of New York: New York State Museum Bulletin 327, p. 45-71.

Ruedemann, Rudolf, 1942b, Geology of the Catskill and Kaaterskill quadrangles, Part I. Cambrian and Ordovician geology of the Catskill quadrangle: New York State Museum Bulletin 331, 188 p. (Includes colored geologic map on scale of 1/62,500).

Ruedemann, Rudolf, and Schoonmaker, W. J., 1938, Beaver-dams as geologic agents; Science, new series, v. 88, p. 523-525.

Ruedemann, Rudolf; and Wilson, T. Y., 1936, Eastern New York Ordovician cherts: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 47, p. 1535-1586.

Ruggiero, J., 1976 ms., Seismic risk criteria for New York City and surroundings: New York, NY, City College of New York Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Master's Thesis, 69 p.

Ruhle, J. L., 1962, Environmental studies of the Cretaceous Mount Laurel and Wenonah sands of New Jersey: Southeastern Geology, v. 3, no. 3, p. 175-189.

Ruitenberg, A. A.; and Ludman, Allan, 1978, Stratigraphy and tectonic setting of early Paleozoic sedimentary rocks of the Wirral-Big Lake area, southwestern New Brunswick and southeastern Maine: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 15, p. 22-32.

Rupke, N. A., 1975, Deposition of fine-grained sediments in the abyssal environment of the Algero-Balearic Basin, western Mediterranean Sea: Sedimentology, v. 22, p. 95-109.

Rupke, N. A., 1978, Deep clastic seas, Chapter 12, p. 372-415 in Reading, H. G., ed., Sedimentary environments and facies: Oxford, UK, Blackwell Scientific Publications (New York, NY, Elsevier), 578 p.

Rupke, N. A., and Stanley, D. J., 1974, Distinctive properties of turbidite and hemipelagic mud layers in the Algero-Balearic Basin, western Mediterranean Sea: Smithsonian Contributions to Earth Science, v. 13, 40 p.

Ruppel, S. C., and Walker, K. R., 1984, Petrology and depositional history of a Middle Ordovician carbonate platform: Chickamauga Group, northeastern Tennessee: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 95, p. 568-583.

Rusnak, G. A., and Nestéroff, W. D., 1964, Modern turbidites--Terrigenous abyssal plain versus bioclastic basin, Chap. 23, p. 488-507 in Miller, R. L., ed., Papers in marine geology--Shepard Commemorative Volume: New York, NY, Macmillan Company, 531 p.

Russell, A., 1946, On rhodonite and tephroite from Treburland manganese mine, Altarnun, Cornwall; and on rhodonite from other localities in Cornwall and Devonshire: Mineralogical Magazine, v. 27, p. 221-235.

Russell, I. C., 1877, On the intrusive nature of the Triassic trap sheets of New Jersey: American Journal of Science, 3rd series, v. 15, p. 277-280.

Russell, I. C., 1878, On the physical history of the Triassic formation in New Jersey and the Connecticut valley: New York Academy of Sciences Annals, v. 1 (1879), p. 220-254.

Russell, I. C., 1880, On the former extent of the Triassic formation of the Atlantic states: American Naturalist, v. 14, p. 703-712.

Russell, I. C., 1889a, Subaerial decay of rocks and origin of the red color of certain formations: U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin 52, 63 p.

Russell, I. C., 1889b, The Newark system: American Geologist, v. 3, p. 178-182.

Russell, I. C., 1891, Has Newark priority as a group name?: American Geologist, v. 7, p. 238-241.

Russell, I. C., 1892, Correlation papers. The Newark System: United States Geological Survey Bulletin 85, 344 p. (Conn. area on p. 80-82, 98-107; Index and bibliography, p. 131-339).

Russell, I. C., 1895a, The Newark system: Science, v. 1, p. 266-268.

Russell, I. C., 1895b, The influence of débris on the flow of glaciers: Journal of Geology, v. 3, p. 823-832.

Russell, S.; and Nokleberg, W., 1977, Superimposition and timing of deformations in the Mount Morrison roof pendant and in the central Sierra Nevada, California: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 88, p. 335-345.

Russell, W. L., 1922, The structural and stratigraphic relations of the Great Triassic fault of southern